Permanent income hypothesis

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Permanent income hypothesis

Quality:

Permanent income hypothesis - economic theory that one’s consumption at some time is determined not just by current income but also by expected income in future years (“permanent income“). Article “Permanent income hypothesis” in English Wikipedia has 72.4 points for quality (as of July 1, 2026). The article contains 74 references and 14 sections.

In this language version of Wikipedia the article has the best quality. Also, this article is the most popular in that (English) language version.

Since the creation of article “Permanent income hypothesis”, its content was written by 86 registered users of English Wikipedia and edited by 218 registered Wikipedia users in all languages.

The article is cited 52 times in English Wikipedia and cited 258 times in all languages.

The highest Authors Interest rank from 2001:

  • Local (English): #12580 in June 2021
  • Global: #60039 in June 2021

The highest popularity rank from 2008:

  • Local (English): #131701 in April 2013
  • Global: #181176 in April 2013

There are 15 language versions for this article in the WikiRank database (of the considered 55 Wikipedia language editions).

The quality and popularity assessment was based on Wikipédia dumps from July 1, 2026 (including revision history and pageviews for previous years).

The table below shows the language versions of the article with the highest quality.

Languages with the highest quality

#LanguageQuality gradeQuality score
1English (en)
Permanent income hypothesis
72.4435
2French (fr)
Théorie du revenu permanent
28.3934
3Portuguese (pt)
Hipótese da renda permanente
23.2607
4Persian (fa)
فرضیه درآمد دائمی
21.1096
5Spanish (es)
Hipótesis del ingreso permanente
17.6724
6Finnish (fi)
Pysyvän tulotason hypoteesi
15.9514
7Russian (ru)
Гипотеза перманентного дохода
15.6015
8Dutch (nl)
Permanente inkomenshypothese
14.3594
9German (de)
Hypothese permanenter Einkommen
13.5438
10Polish (pl)
Hipoteza dochodu permanentnego
12.093
More...

The following table shows the most popular language versions of the article.

Most popular in all the time

The most popular language versions of the article "Permanent income hypothesis" in all the time
#LanguagePopularity awardRelative popularity
1English (en)
Permanent income hypothesis
940 491
2French (fr)
Théorie du revenu permanent
263 475
3Chinese (zh)
恆常所得假說
48 284
4German (de)
Hypothese permanenter Einkommen
45 321
5Polish (pl)
Hipoteza dochodu permanentnego
41 695
6Spanish (es)
Hipótesis del ingreso permanente
36 561
7Korean (ko)
항상소득 가설
24 306
8Portuguese (pt)
Hipótese da renda permanente
19 949
9Russian (ru)
Гипотеза перманентного дохода
16 525
10Arabic (ar)
فرضية الدخل الدائم
10 086
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest popularity in the last month.

Most popular in June 2026

The most popular language versions of the article "Permanent income hypothesis" in June 2026
#LanguagePopularity awardRelative popularity
1English (en)
Permanent income hypothesis
1 443
2French (fr)
Théorie du revenu permanent
172
3Chinese (zh)
恆常所得假說
164
4Portuguese (pt)
Hipótese da renda permanente
67
5Spanish (es)
Hipótesis del ingreso permanente
57
6Russian (ru)
Гипотеза перманентного дохода
50
7German (de)
Hypothese permanenter Einkommen
48
8Persian (fa)
فرضیه درآمد دائمی
43
9Korean (ko)
항상소득 가설
43
10Czech (cs)
Hypotéza permanentního důchodu
38
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest.

The highest AI

Language versions of the article "Permanent income hypothesis" with the highest Authors Interest (number of authors). Only registered Wikipedia users were taken into account.
#LanguageAI awardRelative AI
1English (en)
Permanent income hypothesis
86
2French (fr)
Théorie du revenu permanent
40
3German (de)
Hypothese permanenter Einkommen
33
4Polish (pl)
Hipoteza dochodu permanentnego
10
5Persian (fa)
فرضیه درآمد دائمی
7
6Portuguese (pt)
Hipótese da renda permanente
7
7Korean (ko)
항상소득 가설
6
8Dutch (nl)
Permanente inkomenshypothese
6
9Chinese (zh)
恆常所得假說
5
10Ukrainian (uk)
Гіпотеза постійного доходу
4
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest in the last month.

The highest AI in June 2026

Language versions of the article "Permanent income hypothesis" with the highest AI in June 2026
#LanguageAI awardRelative AI
1Arabic (ar)
فرضية الدخل الدائم
0
2Czech (cs)
Hypotéza permanentního důchodu
0
3German (de)
Hypothese permanenter Einkommen
0
4English (en)
Permanent income hypothesis
0
5Spanish (es)
Hipótesis del ingreso permanente
0
6Persian (fa)
فرضیه درآمد دائمی
0
7Finnish (fi)
Pysyvän tulotason hypoteesi
0
8French (fr)
Théorie du revenu permanent
0
9Korean (ko)
항상소득 가설
0
10Dutch (nl)
Permanente inkomenshypothese
0
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest number of citations.

The highest CI

Language versions of the article "Permanent income hypothesis" with the highest Citation Index (CI)
#LanguageCI awardRelative CI
1Portuguese (pt)
Hipótese da renda permanente
112
2English (en)
Permanent income hypothesis
52
3Russian (ru)
Гипотеза перманентного дохода
15
4French (fr)
Théorie du revenu permanent
14
5Spanish (es)
Hipótesis del ingreso permanente
13
6German (de)
Hypothese permanenter Einkommen
8
7Korean (ko)
항상소득 가설
8
8Polish (pl)
Hipoteza dochodu permanentnego
8
9Chinese (zh)
恆常所得假說
8
10Arabic (ar)
فرضية الدخل الدائم
7
More...

Scores

Estimated value for Wikipedia:
English:
Global:
Popularity in June 2026:
English:
Global:
Popularity in all years:
English:
Global:
Authors in June 2026:
English:
Global:
Registered authors in all years:
English:
Global:
Citations:
English:
Global:

Quality measures

Interwikis

#LanguageValue
arArabic
فرضية الدخل الدائم
csCzech
Hypotéza permanentního důchodu
deGerman
Hypothese permanenter Einkommen
enEnglish
Permanent income hypothesis
esSpanish
Hipótesis del ingreso permanente
faPersian
فرضیه درآمد دائمی
fiFinnish
Pysyvän tulotason hypoteesi
frFrench
Théorie du revenu permanent
koKorean
항상소득 가설
nlDutch
Permanente inkomenshypothese
plPolish
Hipoteza dochodu permanentnego
ptPortuguese
Hipótese da renda permanente
ruRussian
Гипотеза перманентного дохода
ukUkrainian
Гіпотеза постійного доходу
zhChinese
恆常所得假說

Popularity rank trends

Best Rank English:
#131701
04.2013
Global:
#181176
04.2013

AI rank trends

Best Rank English:
#12580
06.2021
Global:
#60039
06.2021

Languages comparison

Important global interconnections (July 2025 – June 2026)

Wikipedia readers most often find their way to information on Permanent income hypothesis from Wikipedia articles about Milton Friedman, Windfall gain, Consumption function, Consumption smoothing and Consumption. Whereas reading the article about Permanent income hypothesis people most often go to Wikipedia articles on Consumption smoothing, Milton Friedman, Marginal propensity to consume, Neoclassical synthesis and Consumption function.

Cumulative results of quality and popularity of the Wikipedia article

List of Wikipedia articles in different languages (starting with the most popular):

News from 1 July 2026

On 1 July 2026 in multilingual Wikipedia, Internet users most often read articles on the following topics: 2026 FIFA World Cup, Kylian Mbappé, Erling Haaland, Democratic Republic of the Congo, FIFA World Cup, Harry Kane, Romelu Lukaku, Senegal, Michael Olise, Sadio Mané.

In English Wikipedia the most popular articles on that day were: 2026 FIFA World Cup, Harry Kane, Julián Quiñones, List of FIFA World Cup top goalscorers, Kylian Mbappé, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Erling Haaland, DR Congo national football team, Melat Kiros, FIFA World Cup.

About WikiRank

The WikiRank project is intended for automatic relative evaluation of the articles in the various language versions of Wikipedia. At the moment the service allows to compare over 50 million Wikipedia articles in 55 languages. Quality scores of articles are based on Wikipedia dumps from July, 2026. When calculating current popularity and AI of articles data from June 2026 was taken into account. For historical values of popularity and AI WikiRank used data from 2001 to 2026... More information