Permanent income hypothesis

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Permanent income hypothesis

Quality:

Permanent income hypothesis - economic theory that one’s consumption at some time is determined not just by current income but also by expected income in future years (“permanent income“). Article “Permanent income hypothesis” in English Wikipedia has 72.8 points for quality (as of July 1, 2025). The article contains 74 references and 14 sections.

In this language version of Wikipedia the article has the best quality. Also, this article is the most popular in that (English) language version.

Since the creation of article “Permanent income hypothesis”, its content was written by 84 registered users of English Wikipedia and edited by 214 registered Wikipedia users in all languages.

The article is cited 52 times in English Wikipedia and cited 266 times in all languages.

The highest Authors Interest rank from 2001:

  • Local (English): #12560 in June 2021
  • Global: #59910 in June 2021

The highest popularity rank from 2008:

  • Local (English): #131039 in April 2013
  • Global: #179373 in April 2013

There are 15 language versions for this article in the WikiRank database (of the considered 55 Wikipedia language editions).

The quality and popularity assessment was based on Wikipédia dumps from July 1, 2025 (including revision history and pageviews for previous years).

The table below shows the language versions of the article with the highest quality.

Languages with the highest quality

#LanguageQuality gradeQuality score
1English (en)
Permanent income hypothesis
72.7857
2French (fr)
Théorie du revenu permanent
27.736
3Portuguese (pt)
Hipótese da renda permanente
23.3883
4Persian (fa)
فرضیه درآمد دائمی
21.3015
5Spanish (es)
Hipótesis del ingreso permanente
17.8973
6Finnish (fi)
Pysyvän tulotason hypoteesi
15.9263
7Russian (ru)
Гипотеза перманентного дохода
15.5731
8Dutch (nl)
Permanente inkomenshypothese
14.4335
9German (de)
Hypothese permanenter Einkommen
13.7467
10Polish (pl)
Hipoteza dochodu permanentnego
12.1313
More...

The following table shows the most popular language versions of the article.

Most popular in all the time

The most popular language versions of the article "Permanent income hypothesis" in all the time
#LanguagePopularity awardRelative popularity
1English (en)
Permanent income hypothesis
920 557
2French (fr)
Théorie du revenu permanent
259 805
3Chinese (zh)
恆常所得假說
46 519
4German (de)
Hypothese permanenter Einkommen
44 624
5Polish (pl)
Hipoteza dochodu permanentnego
41 332
6Spanish (es)
Hipótesis del ingreso permanente
35 947
7Korean (ko)
항상소득 가설
23 777
8Portuguese (pt)
Hipótese da renda permanente
19 383
9Russian (ru)
Гипотеза перманентного дохода
15 669
10Arabic (ar)
فرضية الدخل الدائم
9 545
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest popularity in the last month.

Most popular in June 2025

The most popular language versions of the article "Permanent income hypothesis" in June 2025
#LanguagePopularity awardRelative popularity
1English (en)
Permanent income hypothesis
1 778
2French (fr)
Théorie du revenu permanent
229
3Chinese (zh)
恆常所得假說
155
4Spanish (es)
Hipótesis del ingreso permanente
98
5Russian (ru)
Гипотеза перманентного дохода
81
6Korean (ko)
항상소득 가설
79
7Portuguese (pt)
Hipótese da renda permanente
59
8German (de)
Hypothese permanenter Einkommen
58
9Czech (cs)
Hypotéza permanentního důchodu
37
10Polish (pl)
Hipoteza dochodu permanentnego
35
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest.

The highest AI

Language versions of the article "Permanent income hypothesis" with the highest Authors Interest (number of authors). Only registered Wikipedia users were taken into account.
#LanguageAI awardRelative AI
1English (en)
Permanent income hypothesis
84
2French (fr)
Théorie du revenu permanent
38
3German (de)
Hypothese permanenter Einkommen
34
4Polish (pl)
Hipoteza dochodu permanentnego
10
5Persian (fa)
فرضیه درآمد دائمی
7
6Korean (ko)
항상소득 가설
6
7Dutch (nl)
Permanente inkomenshypothese
6
8Portuguese (pt)
Hipótese da renda permanente
6
9Chinese (zh)
恆常所得假說
5
10Ukrainian (uk)
Гіпотеза постійного доходу
4
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest Authors’ Interest in the last month.

The highest AI in June 2025

Language versions of the article "Permanent income hypothesis" with the highest AI in June 2025
#LanguageAI awardRelative AI
1Arabic (ar)
فرضية الدخل الدائم
0
2Czech (cs)
Hypotéza permanentního důchodu
0
3German (de)
Hypothese permanenter Einkommen
0
4English (en)
Permanent income hypothesis
0
5Spanish (es)
Hipótesis del ingreso permanente
0
6Persian (fa)
فرضیه درآمد دائمی
0
7Finnish (fi)
Pysyvän tulotason hypoteesi
0
8French (fr)
Théorie du revenu permanent
0
9Korean (ko)
항상소득 가설
0
10Dutch (nl)
Permanente inkomenshypothese
0
More...

The following table shows the language versions of the article with the highest number of citations.

The highest CI

Language versions of the article "Permanent income hypothesis" with the highest Citation Index (CI)
#LanguageCI awardRelative CI
1Portuguese (pt)
Hipótese da renda permanente
113
2English (en)
Permanent income hypothesis
52
3French (fr)
Théorie du revenu permanent
17
4Spanish (es)
Hipótesis del ingreso permanente
14
5Russian (ru)
Гипотеза перманентного дохода
14
6German (de)
Hypothese permanenter Einkommen
9
7Polish (pl)
Hipoteza dochodu permanentnego
9
8Chinese (zh)
恆常所得假說
9
9Korean (ko)
항상소득 가설
7
10Arabic (ar)
فرضية الدخل الدائم
6
More...

Scores

Estimated value for Wikipedia:
English:
Global:
Popularity in June 2025:
English:
Global:
Popularity in all years:
English:
Global:
Authors in June 2025:
English:
Global:
Registered authors in all years:
English:
Global:
Citations:
English:
Global:

Quality measures

Interwikis

#LanguageValue
arArabic
فرضية الدخل الدائم
csCzech
Hypotéza permanentního důchodu
deGerman
Hypothese permanenter Einkommen
enEnglish
Permanent income hypothesis
esSpanish
Hipótesis del ingreso permanente
faPersian
فرضیه درآمد دائمی
fiFinnish
Pysyvän tulotason hypoteesi
frFrench
Théorie du revenu permanent
koKorean
항상소득 가설
nlDutch
Permanente inkomenshypothese
plPolish
Hipoteza dochodu permanentnego
ptPortuguese
Hipótese da renda permanente
ruRussian
Гипотеза перманентного дохода
ukUkrainian
Гіпотеза постійного доходу
zhChinese
恆常所得假說

Popularity rank trends

Best Rank English:
#131039
04.2013
Global:
#179373
04.2013

AI rank trends

Best Rank English:
#12560
06.2021
Global:
#59910
06.2021

Languages comparison

Important global interconnections (July 2024 – June 2025)

Wikipedia readers most often find their way to information on Permanent income hypothesis from Wikipedia articles about Milton Friedman, Windfall gain, Consumption function, Consumption smoothing and Consumption. Whereas reading the article about Permanent income hypothesis people most often go to Wikipedia articles on Consumption smoothing, Milton Friedman, Marginal propensity to consume, Consumption function and Ratchet effect.

Cumulative results of quality and popularity of the Wikipedia article

List of Wikipedia articles in different languages (starting with the most popular):

News from 15 February 2026

On 15 February 2026 in multilingual Wikipedia, Internet users most often read articles on the following topics: Jeffrey Epstein, Wuthering Heights, 2026 Winter Olympics, Epstein files, Ilia Malinin, Wuthering Heights, Ghislaine Maxwell, Lucas Pinheiro Braathen, 2026 Winter Olympics medal table, Valentine's Day.

In English Wikipedia the most popular articles on that day were: Jeffrey Epstein, Wuthering Heights, Wuthering Heights (2026 film), 2026 Winter Olympics, Lucas Pinheiro Braathen, Ice hockey at the 2026 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament, Epstein files, John F. Kennedy Jr., Anthony Kim, James Van Der Beek.

About WikiRank

The WikiRank project is intended for automatic relative evaluation of the articles in the various language versions of Wikipedia. At the moment the service allows to compare over 44 million Wikipedia articles in 55 languages. Quality scores of articles are based on Wikipedia dumps from July, 2025. When calculating current popularity and AI of articles data from June 2025 was taken into account. For historical values of popularity and AI WikiRank used data from 2001 to 2025... More information